2021, Vol. 1, Issue 2, Part A
Viewpoint on monoclonal antibody therapy: Advances in COVID-19 treatment
Author(s): Nensi Raytthatha, Isha Shah, Dr. Jitendra Patel, Dr. Jigar Vyas and Dr. Umesh Upadhyay
Abstract: Background: With the number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on the rise around the world, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) remain a feasible treatment option for COVID-19 disease and associated complications, particularly in the elderly. Monoclonal antibodies are antibodies generated mainly from B cells-lymphocytes. The need to treat the emerging SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has caused the current global health crisis, has shifted the focus to the development of monoclonal antibody-based passive immunotherapy in order to provide a rapid response.Summary: SARS-CoV-2, a novel human coronavirus, emerged in Wuhan, China, causing a worldwide respiratory disease epidemic (COVID-19). Vaccines and targeted therapeutics for treatment of this disease are currently lacking.SARS-CoV-2 (and SARS-CoV) are neutralised by a human monoclonal antibody in cell culture. Researchers are attempting to find antibodies-based treatments that will block and/or kill the coronavirus in people who are infected. The virus's genetic and structural resemblance to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) presented the possibility of learning more about the disease aetiology at first. Researchers have published reports of specific monoclonal antibodies against COVID-19 (B38, H4, and 47D 11) and are hopeful that this strategy will be successful. The human 47D11 antibody binds to cells expressing the full-length spike proteins of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.Conclusion: Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 have the potential for both therapeutic and prophylactic applications, and can help to guide vaccine design and development. Coronavirus-neutralizing antibodies primarily target the trimeric spike (S) glycoproteins on the viral surface that mediate entry into host cells. This review systematize some of the most promising mAbs currently under clinical trials or are approved as an early COVID-19 intervention that could avert serious pulmonary morbidities. The monoclonal antibodies are the potential counter measures that may control SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19 disease, through immunotherapy and vaccine development, as well as viral detection. More than 50 monoclonal antibody-related clinical trials are currently underway in various countries around the world, with a handful reaching completion of the third and fourth phases.
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How to cite this article:
Nensi Raytthatha, Isha Shah, Dr. Jitendra Patel, Dr. Jigar Vyas, Dr. Umesh Upadhyay. Viewpoint on monoclonal antibody therapy: Advances in COVID-19 treatment. Nat J Pharm Sci 2021;1(2):01-05.
